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Autonomous systems, which have the ability to learn, adapt and take decisions, have already been labelled as revolutionary technologies of the future in many sectors.

Mass customization, in marketing, manufacturing, call centres and management, is the use of flexible computer-aided manufacturing systems to produce custom output. Those systems combine the low unit costs of mass production processes with the flexibility of individual customization.

The Microgrid Communication and Control Testbed re-architects the power grid system into a series of distributed microgrids that control smaller areas and support load, generation, and storage. Microgrids will operate independently from the main grid but will still interact with existing infrastructure.

Perimeter Security and Access Control systems protect the external perimeter of a facility, control access to restricted areas, and detect and monitor anomalies.

Condition-based Maintenance (CBM) or predictive maintenance is the science of maintaining physical assets over time, in order to maximize their return on those assets. It is enabled by sensors and data analytics that provide visibility into the current and future status of assets.

Process Control and Optimization (PCO) is the discipline of adjusting a process to maintain or optimize a specified set of parameters without violating process constraints. The most common goals of PCO are minimizing costs and maximizing throughput or efficiency.

Rapid prototyping (RP) uses 3D printing technologies to create prototypes faster and at significantly lower cost than traditional methods. Prototypes are created directly from CAD data, which can be regularly revised based on real-world testing and feedback.

Real-time locating systems (RTLS) are used to automatically identify and track the location of objects or people in real time, usually within a building or other contained area. Wireless RTLS tags are attached to objects or worn by people, and in most RTLS, fixed reference points receive wireless signals from tags to determine their location.